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Chemical Sciences Paper II

11. Statistical Tharomodynamics  :  Thermodynamic probability and entropy;  Maxwell – Boltzmann, Bose – Einstein and Fermi – Dirac statistics.  Partition function; rotational translational, vibratioanl and electronic partition functions for diatomic molecules; calculations of thermodynamic functions and equilibrium constants.  Theories of specific heat for solids.

12. Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics :  Postulates and methodologies, linear laws, Gibbs equation, Onsager reciprocal theory.

13. Reaction Kinetics :  Methods of determining rate laws.  Mechanisms of photochemical, chain and oscillatory reactions.  Collision theory of reaction rates; steric factor, treatment of unimolecular reactions.  Theory of absolute reaction rates, comparison of results with Eyring and Arrhenius equations, ionic reactions; salt effect.  Homogeneous catalysis and Michaelis – Menten kinetics; heteroge – neous catalysis.

14. Fast Reaction :  Luminescence and Energy transfer processes.  Study of kinetics by stopped flow technique, relazation method, flash photolysis and magnetic resonance method.

15. Macromolecules  :  Number – average and weight average molecular weights ;  determination of molecular weights.  Kinetics of polymerization.  Stereochemistry and mechanism of polymerization.

16. Solids  :  Dislocation in solids, Schottky and Frenkel defects, Electrical properties; insulators and semiconductors; superconductors, band theory of solids, Solid-state reactions.

17. Nuclear Chemistry  :  Radioactive decay and equilibrium.  Nuclear reactions ;  Q value, cross sections, types of reactions, Chemical effects of nuclear transformations; fission and fusion, fission products and fission yields.  Radioactive technique; tracer technique, neutron activation analysis, counting techniques such as G. M. ionization and proportional counter.

18. Chemistry of Non-transition Elements :  General discussion on the properties of the non-transition elements; special features of individual elements; synthesis, properties and structure of their halides and oxides, polymorphyism of carbon, phosphorus and sulphur.  Synthesis, properties and structure of boranes, carboranes, borazines, silicates carbides, silicones, phosphazenes, sulphur-nitrogen compounds; peroxo compounds of boron, carbon and sulphur; oxy acids of nitrogen, phosphours, sulphur and halogens, interhalogens pseudohalides and noble gas compounds.

19. Chemistry of Transition Elements  :  Coordination  chemistry  of transition metal ions ;  Stability constants of complexes and their determination;  stabilization of unusual oxidation states.  Stereochemistry of coordination compounds.  Ligandfield theory, splitting of d-orbitals in low-symmetry environments.  Jahn – Teller effect; interpretation of electronic spectra including charge transfer spectra ;  spectrochemical series, nephelauxetic series Magnetism; Dia-, para-, ferro- and antiferromagnetism, quenching of orbital angular moment, spinorbit copling, inorganic reaction mechanisms; substitution reactions, trans effect and electron transfer reactions, photochemical reaction of chromium and ruthenium complexes.  Fluxional molecules iso-and heteropolyacids ; metal clusters.  Spin crossover in coordination compounds.

Chemical Sciences Part II cont.